Share it! Science : geology
Showing posts with label geology. Show all posts
Showing posts with label geology. Show all posts

"Choose Your Own" Water Cycle or Rock Cycle Story Template

I love adding a creative twist to lessons about Earth's cycles. Storytelling, writing, illustrating and comic-making are great ways for children to learn the water cycle and rock cycle. Whether you teach science, STEM or STEAM at the elementary or middle school level, homeschool or are the parent to a budding author/ illustrator you will definitely want to try this "Choose Your Own Story" writing activity.

Participating in or organizing the "Imagine Your Story" summer 2020 reading program at your local library? You or your patrons will love imagining your own water cycle or rock cycle adventure! Read on to find out how you can teach about the water cycle or rock cycle and access the "Choose Your Own Story" writing template.



This post contains affiliate links, meaning I receive a small commission from purchases made through these links. Please see disclosures for more information. As well as links from Amazon.com you will also find links to Bookshop.org, an online book store that works to support local independent book stores. Shopping through Bookshop links can help you support book stores in your area! 


Choose Your Own Adventure


I enjoyed reading books in the "Choose Your Own Adventure" series when I was a kid. After using games and comic strip drawing to teach the water and rock cycles for years I realized that a choose your own type story would also work well.

Although both are cycles and the events happen over and over, rarely do they happen in a neat and tidy way like on a diagram. That is not to say a diagram isn't an excellent tool to show some of how this happens, but it is more realistic to have students imagine and model the myriad of ways a water drop or rock transforms over time.

Teaching the Water Cycle

When I teach the water cycle to elementary students, I use several picture books and activities. If your kids or students are unfamiliar with the water cycle, I'd recommend trying one or all of these before you send them off to create a water cycle "Choose Your Own Story".

Read a picture book.

Read Ice Boy by David Ezra Stein. This is a really cute adventure of an ice cube who wants to get more out of life and escapes the freezer to go on an adventure. As he travels he experiences the phase changes of water as he moves along the water cycle.



Another good one is A Drop Around the World  by Barbara Shaw McKinney. Beautiful illustrations depict a drop of water as it travels all over the place around the planet: underground, the ocean, in a plant, etc. I find this one to be a great way to illustrate that the water cycle is not just a stationary cycle, it is water moving all over the globe.



You'll find other water cycle picture books I recommend on my Earth Science book list on Bookshop.

Build a water cycle in a plastic baggy. 

I don't have a blog post outlining this activity, but this water cycle in a bag activity is very similar. It is a simple and effective way to watch evaporation, condensation, precipitation and collection happening on a small scale. You can also try this earth spheres in a bag activity that models the same process, yet adds soil and plants.

Examine a diagram to go over your water cycle vocabulary.





Play a water cycle game! 

Project Wet's activity "The Incredible Journey" is awesome. You can find the Incredible Journey lesson for free here. It takes some prep work, but kids really grasp the water cycle after moving through it themselves. This is the perfect jumping off point to create a water cycle comic strip (you can find a comic strip template here) or a "Choose Your Own Story".


Use the "Choose Your Own Story" Template for the Water Cycle

Download the "Choose Your Own Story" Template (find out how below) and have your children or students create their own water cycle story. You can choose a starting point in the water cycle and have everyone begin there, or allow them to choose. Maybe the water drop begins its adventure in a puddle on the sidewalk, maybe in a whale's belly, perhaps in a cloud above Mount Everest...the possibilities are almost endless. The only rule is that at each opportunity for the reader to make a choice, the story must proceed in a way that would be possible on Earth. For example, the water droplet in the sidewalk puddle can't simply choose to become an icicle on a castle window if the water hasn't traveled there somehow (evaporation) and then cooled to ice. Challenge the kids to end the story in a way in which it cycles back to the starting point!



More Water Cycle Activities

Explore the different phases of water (ice, water, vapor) with these wonderful water cycle activities.

You will find additional digital and hands-on water cycle resources and activities from The Water Project here.


HOW TO DOWNLOAD THE "CHOOSE YOUR OWN STORY" TEMPLATE! 

You can download a .pdf version of the "Choose Your Own Story" book template for FREE at my Teachers Pay Teachers store now through September 30th, 2020. After that the template will still be available for a nominal price. Follow this link for the download.


Teaching the Rock Cycle

I always enjoyed teaching the rock cycle as well. Here are some of the activities and lessons I've used and recommend for elementary science.

Use Picture Books to Teach the Rock Cycle

Some of my favorite science lessons to teach are those in the Picture Perfect Science series, which pair great children's books and authentic science and STEM lessons. I love the lesson, "If You Find a Rock" in More Picture Perfect Science Lessons.

In this lesson students learn and investigate the different properties of rocks and then apply their knowledge in a "Pet Rock" project. The stories that are the backbone of the activities are
If You Find a Rock by Peggy Christian and Rocks: Hard, Soft, Smooth and Rough by Natalie Myra Rosinsky





You'll find other rock cycle picture books I recommend on my Earth Science book list on Bookshop.

 

Take a Ride on the Rock Cycle

NPS / Public domain

In this rock cycle activity students become a part of the rock cycle. I've used this one with younger students and adjusted vocabulary as necessary.  You can also journey along the rock cycle with this NGSS linked rock cycle activity.

Investigate a rock collection or go on a rock hunt!

Go on a rock hunt and collect some rocks. Compare them to some rock collection specimens in the classroom. You'll find reasonably priced rock collections of Igneous Rocks, Sedimentary Rocks and Metamorphic Rocks from Educational Insights.


Use the "Choose Your Own Story" Template for the Rock Cycle

Download the "Choose Your Own Story" Template (more details above) and have your children or students create their own rock cycle story. You can choose a starting point in the rock cycle and have everyone begin there, or allow them to choose. Maybe the rock begins it's adventure being rolled around in a river, being eroded from a mountain top, or even as dust in a cloud...the possibilities are almost endless. The only rule is that at each opportunity for the reader to make a choice, the story must proceed in a way that would be possible on Earth. For example, the rock in the river can't choose to instantly become lava in a volcano. Challenge the kids to end the story in a way in which it cycles back to the starting point!


Even more rock cycle activities!

Go on a deeper rock exploration with these rock and mineral books and activities. Make edible sedimentary rock sandwiches. Make your own metamorphic rocks at home or school. Here is a fun igneous rock lesson and science experiment.


Share your "Choose Your Own Story" with us! 

I would love to see your illustrations and stories, share a picture with us on Facebook or via e-mail! 


Pirate Science! Fool's Gold, Parrots and Shipwrecks

©SBF 2015

http://peaklepie.com/pirates/Ahoy Mateys! Are you ready for Talk Like a Pirate Day on September 19th? If you aren't then you've come to the right place! Not only will we delve into some Pirate-y science, you'll find all sorts of links to other pirate activities in this post.

Scroll down to find out how to test your rock collection for real gold, learn how parrots talk and build your own pirate ship! 

This post contains affiliate links, see disclosures for more info.

Before we begin, you might want to bone up on your pirate speak by using this handy translator! ARRRGH!

Fool's Gold:
Now we know that pirates are always in search of treasure, and gold is their favorite! But how does a pirate know if what they have found is genuine gold? Science of course!

I've never met a young pirate who hasn't enjoyed a good rock collection. You can find rocks anywhere- at the park, at the beach, in your yard, or even the gravel in the driveway! How can you classify and identify these rocks and minerals? Pirate scientists use many clues, such as hardness, cleavage/fracture, luster and color. You can use these to help you identify the rocks in your collection- is it gold or pyrite (fool's gold)? There's only one way to find out!

Pyrite, or Fool's Gold By Didier Descouens (Own work) [CC BY-SA 4.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Hardness: The Mohs hardness scale is a way of classifying how hard your mineral is. Talc is the softest mineral on the scale and diamond is the hardest. Can you classify your rock collection from softest to hardest? How can you test it? How easily does it crumble? Can you scratch it with your fingernail? If you're a pirate who's had an accident with a crocodile, you can use your hook to scratch and test your rock! 


Cleavage and Fracture: Now that you've ordered your rocks from softest to hardest, check out their shape and form. When a rock breaks into layers, we call this cleavage. Fracture describes other shapes that a mineral forms when it breaks. Be careful if you try to break a rock in your collection. It's a good idea to wear safety goggles and supervise young scalawags in the process.

Luster: Luster describes how shiny a rock or mineral is. Pirates like the shiny ones! Pirate scientists describe these as having a metallic luster. Non-metallic lusters might be described as pearly, silky or greasy. What type of luster do you see in your rock collection? You might notice more than one type of luster in a rock because it is made up of more than one type of mineral. 

Gold Nuggets by Arum Dulyan, public domain

Color: Pirate scientists use a tool called a streak plate to determine a mineral's color. A streak plate is a piece of unglazed porcelain tile. When you rub the rock or mineral along the plate you will see a streak left from the mineral's powder. Different minerals make different color streaks.

"Streak plate with Pyrite (L) and Rhodochrosite (R)" by Ra'ike - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons
You can purchase an actual streak plate, or use the back of a glazed porcelain tile from a hardware or craft store. If you need help cleaning your streak plate, there is some information about that here.

If you have a mineral collection and a streak plate you can test your minerals and keep track of your data on this handy sheet from Kids Love Rocks!

**A word of caution: Please do not test your rocks for gold by biting them like a pirate! Pirates are known for having horrible teeth because they don't heed this advice!

Best of luck to ye on your treasure hunt!

 

Parrots
Although many a story pirate carries a parrot on his shoulder, it turns out that it probably didn't happen. (Birds do go to the bathroom a lot after all!) However, pirates most likely did deal with parrots through the exotic pet trade. The beautiful birds were worth a lot of money and they were probably entertaining to have on the ship.

Blue and yellow Macaw. photo: I, Luc Viatour [GFDL, CC BY 2.0, or CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
New scientific research completed this summer has identified the genetics and parts of the brain that parrots use to speak. After comparing structures in parrot brains to other birds and humans the researchers from Duke University made discoveries about these bird brains that have been a mystery up until now. Turns out that they aren't really bird brains after all!

How do parrots mimic people so well? Just like humans, but unlike other birds, parrots move their tongues to make different sounds. They don't have lips or teeth, so they can't form their words exactly the same at us, but they are pretty impressive! Try speaking without moving your lips, just by moving your tongue. How does it work for you? Can you say, "Polly want a cracker?"

Check out this link to a brief but neat video showing how the parrot's tongue moves while it "speaks". 
credit: Verena Ohms
Shipwrecks:
The high seas can be a dangerous place and many a pirate's ship sunk to Davy Jones' locker. Modern technology has allowed oceanic archaeologists and modern treasure hunters the opportunity to explore these shipwrecks. Excavation of the infamous pirate Blackbeard's ship, Queen Anne's Revenge, is ongoing off the coast of North Carolina. The state uses this project as a way to educate about history. You can learn more at their website.


Pirates wanted ships that would carry lots of plunder and move swiftly. Boats come in many shapes and sizes. Which of these are best for cargo and speed? Why not experiment to find out what makes the best boat shape? Gather some materials, fill up the tub and get to work! That treasure won't wait forever.

Materials to experiment with: tin foil, foam trays, balsa wood and recyclables. See how much weight your boat design can take! Using something that is similar size and weight to test your boat is best. Try pennies, nickels or other change, metal washers, marbles, etc. Which design holds the most plundered treasure?


If you'd like to delve further into ship building, you might want to explore this science project I designed for Education.com, "Keep The Boat Afloat". You'll learn about the different shapes of hulls and keels and engineer your own ship. Careful you don't run aground!

Looking for more pirate activity fun? Hop on over to these other blogs to finish your Talk Like a Pirate Day preparations! 

http://peaklepie.com/pirates/
Pirate Blog Hop at Peakle Pie

Make Your Own Pirate Treasure - The Gingerbread House
DIY Pirate Vest & Patch - Play Dough & Popsicles
Toilet paper roll pirates - Just Another Mom
Set Sail with this DIY Pirate Boat - The Resourceful Mama
It’s a Pirate’s Life for Me - Study at Home Mama
Pirate Colouring Pages - In The Playroom
Pirate Books for Kids of All Ages - Superheroes and Teacups
Treasure Chest Craft - Messy Little Monster
Pirate Sensory Bin - Life with Moore Babies
Pirate Preschool Printable - Living Life and Learning
Pirate Perler Bead Patterns - Brain Power Boy
Going on a Pirate Treasure Hunt - Play & Learn Everyday
Treasure Alphabet Match - The Kindergarten Connection
Make Your Own Pirate Map - My Little Poppies
Treasure Map Grid Activity - My Little Poppies
Create a FLOATING Pirate Ship! - Milk and Cuddles
Pirate Puppet Craft -Sugar Aunts
Hidden Treasure Cupcakes - Emmy’s Mummy
Non Scary Pirate Books and Movies - Edventures with Kids
Gold Nuggets - Kelly’s Classroom
Fizzing Pirate Treasure Adventure - Preschool Powol Packets


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Christian Montessori Network

Introducing Bridgmanite, Earth's Most Abundant Mineral

(image credit: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center)
     Why is it that a mineral that makes up 70% of Earth's mantle, or 38% of Earth's total volume can go nameless for half a century? According to the International Mineralogical Association, a mineral cannot be officially named until it can be examined through direct evidence, or first hand. Scientists have known about this mineral for a long time, but as it is more or less trapped anywhere from 660km-2,900km below the Earth's surface they have not been able to obtain an intact sample to thoroughly study. In order to find a sample to study more carefully and also officially name, researchers have focused their attention on meteorites and their impact sites. After decades of searching, scientists were able to find an appropriate sample in a meteorite that crashed into Australia in the late 1800's. Our most common mineral has now been given the name bridgmanite, in honor of Percy Bridgman, a pioneer in high-pressure physics.
     U.S. Geologists published their paper in Science. But how did they know to focus their search for this unobtainable mineral on meteorite crash sites? Bridgmanite, or perovskite as it was formally known, forms under extremely high-pressure conditions. The impact of a meteorite was thought to be enough to create the amount of pressure needed to form the mineral. Earlier research of meteorites had been unsuccessful because of the methods used to look for the perovskite in the meteorite would destroy it before they could study it. This recent attempt used a combination of a micro-focused X-ray beam and electron microscopy. This discovery not only finally gives the mineral a name, but could help us better understand the structure of Earth, and might shed some more light on how our universe was formed.

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